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First signs of human settlements date back to the pre-nuraghic and nuraghic period (6000-4000 b C.) in Santa Margherita and Sa Tella. The villages of S’Aurecci, Neapolis, Sciria, and the menhir of Corte S’Ammucu, Genna ‘e prunas and Perdas Fittas date back to the period between 3900 and 3300 b.C.
The Nuraghic period has many documented nuraghe and tombs of the giants, of which those of the localities Melas and Terra Moi.
The beginning of Neapolis dates back to the Phoenician and Punic period, with its complex and large settlement, served by an aqueduct some 5 km long, having small and large thermal baths supplied by the lake areas.
The present day center that dates back to around 1200, Pisan era, started to exploit the Montevecchio mining deposits again.
During the period of the historic administrative region of Sardinia it became the administrative center of the curator’s office of Bonorzuli.
In 1414, under Aragon domination, it was up to the Carroz, counts of Quirra and successively formed part of the Monreal barony. In 1514 it is under the jurisdiction of the Centelles, it is then passed onto the Osorio from whom it was freed.
In 1839 after the release of the Royal statute of 1838 which decreed the end of the feuds.
Mining activity strongly influenced life in the center from the second half of the eight hundreds, leading to the development of several commercial activities and a considerable increase in the population, (from 4733 inhabitants in 1861 to 6797 in 1901).
